What is minimal brain dysfunction (MBD)?

Minimal brain dysfunction (MBD) refers to a condition where there is some form of neurological impairment that can significantly affect behavior, learning, and emotional regulation. This condition has been associated with issues such as attention deficits, hyperactivity, and impulsive or antisocial behaviors. The phrase "brain damage" in the option highlights the neurological aspect, suggesting that there are alterations in brain function that may lead to these problematic behaviors.

In the context of juvenile delinquency, MBD is used to understand some of the underlying causes of certain antisocial actions. It stresses the importance of recognizing how neurobiological factors can contribute to behavioral issues in youth. Therefore, associating MBD with brain damage leading to antisocial behavior reflects the accepted understanding that neurological factors can play a crucial role in the development of delinquent behaviors.

The other options do not accurately capture the essence of MBD. For instance, viewing MBD merely as a developmental disorder affecting intelligence overlooks the broader behavioral implications of the condition. Likewise, describing it as a purely psychological condition without a biological basis fails to acknowledge the significant neurological components that characterize MBD. Additionally, referring to it solely in terms of emotional disturbances misses the cognitive and behavioral impact inherent to the definition of MBD. Thus, the